Optimizing the dynamics of a soft biohybrid triboelectric wind energy harvester

In this study, we optimize the structure of a flexible and transparent artificial leaf designed to generate electricity from the wind-induced vibrations of plant leaves through a triboelectric energy conversion mechanism. Specifically, a mathematical model of the artificial leaf was developed, allowing an optimization algorithm to refine its design and increase its oscillation frequency by adjusting the material's dimensions along the leaf blade. Experimental validation confirmed that the model could result in leaf-like flexible structures with at least a 13% increase in oscillation frequency and improved energy harvesting capability compared to previous prototypes. This allows for the improvement of new biohybrid systems capable of harnessing complex passive motions, like those of plant leaves in the wind for energy harvesting.